British and American Spelling
Final -l is always doubled after one vowel in stressed and
unstressed syllables in British English but only in stressed syllables in
American English, eg:
travel
>> travelled
travel >> traveled
travel >> traveled
Some words end in -tre in British and Canadian English and -ter
in American English, eg: centre >> center
Some words end in -ogue in British English and -og
in American English, eg:
analogue
>> analog
Some words end in -our in British and Canadian English and -or
in American English, eg: colour
>> color
Some verbs end in -ize or -ise in British English,
but only in -ize in American English, eg: realize,
realise >> realise
harmonize, harmonise >> harmonise
harmonize, harmonise >> harmonise
In the former case (and indirectly in the latter case too), it can
be argued that the American spelling (which insists on -ize) is
etymologically more correct; but the spelling in -ise is
well-established in the United
Kingdom
Note the spelling of these words:
Note the spelling of these words:
analyse
>> analyze
capsize >> capsise
catalyse >> catalyze
paralyse >> paralyze
capsize >> capsise
catalyse >> catalyze
paralyse >> paralyze
If you decide to go for the -ize spelling, that many words
pronounced in the relevant way and carrying the relevant sense must be written
with -ise. These include such familiar words as surprise, compromise,
revise, advertise, improvise and televise (The Oxford Dictionary and
English Usage Guide), and they also include analyse, which American
writers tend to spell as analyze, etymologically wrongly in fact, since
the Greek root of the word does not contain a -z.
Of course there are words pronounced in the relevant way which have to be spelt (spelled) with -ize, such as prize, and these words indeed include verbs carrying the relevant type of sense– e.g. prize, size (as in size up) and capsize.
Of course there are words pronounced in the relevant way which have to be spelt (spelled) with -ize, such as prize, and these words indeed include verbs carrying the relevant type of sense– e.g. prize, size (as in size up) and capsize.
Two women were traveling in a railway compartment and arguing
heatedly with each other. They called in the guard to mediate.
One woman said,’ If the window is open, I will get cold and die.”
The other women said “if the window is shut, I will suffocate and
die”.
The guard was in a fix. A man sitting nearby, volunteered to
mediate. He said ,’First open the window; that will kill one woman. Then shut
the window, that will kill the other woman and then we can have peace.”
Consonant Combinations
In the present heteric English spelling, nearly all consonant
combinations have multiple sound values, despite the fact that defenders of
this spelling point to the consonant letters as having fairly constant values.
The following list was compiled from Alexander John Ellis' book "Plea
for Phonetic Spelling; or the Necessity of Orthographical Reform"
(London: Fred Pitman, 1848).
b: [b] in be, mute in lamb
c: [k] in can, [s] in cell, [S] in special, mute in yacht
ch: [tS] in chain, [dZ] in spinach, [k] in architect, [S] in chef, mute in yacht
d: [t] in sucked, [d] in deep, [dZ] in soldier, mute in handkerchief
f: [f] in foe, [v] in of, mute in stiff
g: [dZ] in gem, [g] in geese, [Z] in rouge, mute in gnaw
gh: [p] in hiccough, [g] in ghost, [f] in laugh, mute in straight
h: [h] in hat, [
] in eighth
j: [dZ] in just
k: [k] in kill, mute in know
l: [l] in lace, mute in salmon
m: [m] in am, mute in mnemonics
n: [n] in can, [
] in finger, mute in hymn
p: [p] in pity, mute in cupboard
ph: [f] in philosophy, [p] in shepherd, [ph] in haphazard, mute in phthisical
qu: [k] in quay, [kw] in queen, mute in lacquer
r: [r] in ray, mute in myrrh
s: [s] in see, [z] in as, [S] in sugar, [Z] in vision, mute in isle
sh: [S] in shine, [sh] in mishap
t: [t] in toe, [S] in motion, mute in soften
th: [t] in thyme, [] in thigh, [
] in the, [t] in eighth
v: [v] in veal
x: [z] in xylophone, [ks] in vex, [gz] in exalt, [k] in except
y: [j] in yard, mute in prayer
z: [ts] in pizza, [z] in zeal, [Z] in azure, mute in rendezvous
b: [b] in be, mute in lamb
c: [k] in can, [s] in cell, [S] in special, mute in yacht
ch: [tS] in chain, [dZ] in spinach, [k] in architect, [S] in chef, mute in yacht
d: [t] in sucked, [d] in deep, [dZ] in soldier, mute in handkerchief
f: [f] in foe, [v] in of, mute in stiff
g: [dZ] in gem, [g] in geese, [Z] in rouge, mute in gnaw
gh: [p] in hiccough, [g] in ghost, [f] in laugh, mute in straight
h: [h] in hat, [
] in eighthj: [dZ] in just
k: [k] in kill, mute in know
l: [l] in lace, mute in salmon
m: [m] in am, mute in mnemonics
n: [n] in can, [
] in finger, mute in hymnp: [p] in pity, mute in cupboard
ph: [f] in philosophy, [p] in shepherd, [ph] in haphazard, mute in phthisical
qu: [k] in quay, [kw] in queen, mute in lacquer
r: [r] in ray, mute in myrrh
s: [s] in see, [z] in as, [S] in sugar, [Z] in vision, mute in isle
sh: [S] in shine, [sh] in mishap
t: [t] in toe, [S] in motion, mute in soften
th: [t] in thyme, [
] in thigh, [] in the, [t] in eighthv: [v] in veal
x: [z] in xylophone, [ks] in vex, [gz] in exalt, [k] in except
y: [j] in yard, mute in prayer
z: [ts] in pizza, [z] in zeal, [Z] in azure, mute in rendezvous
"Set
excellent performance as your standard and strive to achieve it each day."
-- Brian Tracy
"The difference between failure and success is doing a thing nearly right and doing a thing exactly right." -- Edward Simmons
_______________________"The difference between failure and success is doing a thing nearly right and doing a thing exactly right." -- Edward Simmons
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